laws of physics

There are four principle laws of thermodynamics which help us to understand the operation and also predict the working of a physical system. Zeroth Law First Law Second Law Third Law The Zeroth Law of Ther..

This law, stated as under, was formulated by 1 Blaise Pascal. This law constitutes one of the basic principles of 2 hydrostatics. "The pressure in a fluid in equilibrium is the same everywhere if the effect of gravity can be neglected". Proof., Let us..

In 1828, a German physicist, George Simon Ohm experimentally proved that the ratio of the potential difference (V) between the two ends of the conductor, kept in a fixed physical condition and the electric current (I) flowing through it is constant. This statement is called Ohm's La..

Rutherford and Soddy. found that the rate at which a particular radioactive material disintegrates is independent of the physical or chemical conditions. It depends upon the number of radioactive atoms present at that instant. The law states that, "the rate of radioactive..

">Consider a gas enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a frictionless and non-conducting piston. Let the walls of the cylinder except the bottom be thermally insulated. Let the gas be supplied an amount 8Q of heat. This heat energy shall cause (i) an increase in the temperature of the gas (ii) an upwa..

In 1913, British physicist H.J.G. Moseley generated characteristic X-rays for as many as 38 elements by using them as targets for electron bombardment in discharge tube of his own design. He noted that if, for a given spectral line say K a , the square root of the frequency is plotted agains..

1. The angle of incidence (i) is equal to the angle of reflection (r). i = r in Fig. 22.2 (a). 2. The reflected ray is in the same plane as the incident ray and the normal to the mirror, at the point of incidence...

Electric current in a uniform conductor depends on the applied voltage and the obstruction known as resistance, caused by collisions of electrons with atoms, in the conductor. The relation between the current flowing in a conductor and the potential difference between its ends is giv..

The physical behaviour of gases (for a given mass) is determined by three variables : (i) volume V (ii) pressure P (iii) temperature T Pressure-Volume Relationship or Boyle's Law It states that the volume of a given mass of dry gas is inve..

The Law of Conservation of Energy which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be redistributed or changed from one form to another, is familiar to the student. How this applies to thermodyanmics need to be understood. By discussing examples of chemical..